The archive

People

The healers, diviners, and knowledge-keepers at the heart of these traditions — and the outside researchers who documented, and sometimes exposed, them.

Standing
A portrait of the elderly Mazatec curandera María Sabina.
Community practitioner

María Sabina

Mazatec curandera and chjota chjine — ‘one who knows’ · c. 1894–1985

The Mazatec healer whose veladas and sacred chants became known worldwide after 1955 — and who bore much of the cost of that exposure. She is remembered here as a person and a practitioner, not as a symbol standing in for an entire people.

A colour portrait of the elderly Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann, October 1993.
Researcher

Albert Hofmann

Swiss chemist who first synthesised psilocybin · 1906–2008

The Swiss chemist who put a molecule to the mushroom. Having discovered LSD, Hofmann isolated and synthesised psilocybin and psilocin in 1958 from the Mazatec mushrooms — turning a ceremonial sacrament into a defined compound that science could finally study.

Researcher

Cullen Taylor Clark

Citizen naturalist & field mycologist

A citizen naturalist whose field collecting in the mountains of southern Africa helped bring Psilocybe maluti — and the Basotho tradition around it — into the scientific record, as a co-author on the 2024 description.

Dakota Wint standing among the Ariyannur umbrella-stones — mushroom-shaped megaliths — in Kerala, India.
Researcher

Dakota Wint

Contemporary researcher · documentary filmmaker · 'dakota of earth'

A contemporary researcher and documentary filmmaker working as 'dakota of earth.' His first-person films chase psychedelic-origin theories of religion to the places themselves — India, Egypt, Oaxaca — testing each legend against what can actually be found on the ground.

A portrait of the ethnopharmacologist Dennis McKenna speaking at a symposium.
Researcher

Dennis McKenna

Ethnopharmacologist · b. 1950

Terence McKenna's younger brother — and the scientist of the pair. Present at the myth's origin in the Amazon in 1971, he went on to a serious career in ethnopharmacology, standing as a working example of how to chase wonder without abandoning evidence.

The mycologist Gastón Guzmán examining mushrooms in the field near Huautla de Jiménez, 2013.
Researcher

Gastón Guzmán

Mexican mycologist · 1932–2016

The Mexican mycologist who described a large share of the world's Psilocybe species and mapped the astonishing diversity of Mexico's sacred mushrooms — and of the peoples who use them.

Researcher

Henry Munn

Writer and ethnographer of Mazatec chant · 1937–2015

Author of 'The Mushrooms of Language,' the essay that reframed Mazatec chant not as background to the velada but as its working technology — the means by which the mushroom speaks.

Paul Stamets holding a large Agarikon bracket mushroom.
Researcher

Paul Stamets

American mycologist, author & psilocybin advocate · b. 1955

The mycologist who did more than almost anyone to name, illustrate, and popularise the world's psilocybin mushrooms — author of the standard identification guide, describer of species such as Psilocybe azurescens, and a tireless, sometimes controversial advocate for fungi in medicine and ecology.

A 1955 black-and-white photograph of R. Gordon Wasson taking field notes in Mexico.
Researcher

R. Gordon Wasson

Banker and amateur ethnomycologist · 1898–1986

The American banker whose 1957 Life article introduced the Mazatec velada to the world — opening a field of study and, at the same time, a wound of exposure and extraction.

A 1940s black-and-white photograph of the ethnobotanist Richard Evans Schultes with two Indigenous men in the Amazon rainforest.
Researcher

Richard Evans Schultes

Harvard ethnobotanist · 1915–2001

The Harvard botanist whose 1938–39 Oaxacan fieldwork reconnected the colonial word teonanácatl to living practice, documenting sacred mushroom use among Mazatec, Chinantec, and Zapotec communities.

A charcoal portrait drawing of the French mycologist Roger Heim, wearing round glasses.
Researcher

Roger Heim

French mycologist; director of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle · 1900–1979

The mycologist who gave the sacred Mexican mushrooms their scientific names — and grew them in Paris so a chemist could isolate what made them work. If Wasson brought back the experience, Heim turned it into science.

A portrait photograph of the psychopharmacologist Roland Griffiths.
Researcher

Roland Griffiths

Psychopharmacologist, Johns Hopkins University · 1946–2023

The rigorous scientist who reopened clinical psilocybin research. His 2006 Johns Hopkins study — careful, controlled, and cautious — did more than any manifesto to make the sacred mushroom a serious subject of modern medicine.

Terence McKenna speaking during a panel discussion in 1999.
Historical figure

Terence McKenna

Writer, lecturer & psychedelic advocate · 1946–2000

The bard of the psychedelic revival — a spellbinding speaker and writer whose 'Stoned Ape' hypothesis and vivid trip reports shaped popular mushroom culture more than any scientist's work, and whose ideas are best read as provocation rather than proven history.

Timothy Leary speaking on stage during a lecture tour in 1969.
Historical figure

Timothy Leary

Psychologist & psychedelic counterculture figure · 1920–1996

The Harvard psychologist who turned psilocybin into a movement — and, many argue, into a scandal that set serious research back a generation. He belongs here as the figure through whom the mushroom became political, for better and for worse.

Researcher

Valentina Pavlovna Wasson

Pediatrician & co-founder of ethnomycology · 1901–1958

The physician who co-founded the whole field of ethnomycology — and whose name is too often dropped from a story remembered as her husband's alone. The original insight was as much hers as his, and she pressed hardest on the mushrooms' medical promise.